The state is a social phenomenon restricted by a definite historical framework. The developmental state is based on combinations of positive advantages private business and the positive role of government. The king who rules over the state is an agent of god on earth. What are the four most widely held theories that attempt to explain the origin of the state. Start studying theories of the origin of the state. Such notions make the state appear to be something metaphysical or adventitious, and thus place it beyondscientific understanding. Oct 18, 2010 even a cursory examination of conventional theories of the state is sufficient to show that they furnish no explanation of its genesis, essence and purpose. The force theory in middle ages theologians argued that, the state was based upon force and injustice and decried the origin of earthly sovereignty in order to subordinate temporal to spiritual power.
Theories on the origin of state political science notes. The theory of divine origin of the state is the oldest theory concerning the primary origin of state. In a broader sense, the state is the political form of the organization of social life, which is created as a result of the rise and activity of public authoritya particular ruling system exercising management over the basic spheres of social life and depending, if necessary, on force. Developmental states generally put strong emphasis on technical education and.
Aug 15, 2018 explaining the origin of the state has been discussed and debated by scholars for centuries. Pdf articulating theories of states and state formation. Below is a sample breakdown of the origins of the universe chapter into a 5day school week. According to him state is an evil what ever is the form of government, because it. It explains the state is the product of growth, a slow and steady evolution extending over a long period of time and ultimately shaping itself into the complex structure of a modern state. Archaeology of the origin of the state vicente lull. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on the origin of state especially written for school and college students. Hence, the state itself becomes an ethicalmoral state and the individual cannot be separated from it. But how did the first organisms on the only known home to life in the universe develop from the primordial soup. A case for technical education professor tshilidzi marwala executive dean. As a noun, a people permanently occupying a fixed territory bound together by common habits and custom into one body politic exercising, through the medium of an organized government, independent sovereignty and control over all persons and things within its boundaries, capable of making war and peace and of entering into international relations with other states. The pluralist theory of the state english political pluralism is a challenging school of political thought, neglected in recent years but now enjoying a revival of interest. The oldest theory about the origin of the state is the divine origin theory. Even a cursory examination of conventional theories of the state is sufficient to show that they furnish no explanation of its genesis, essence and purpose.
Our decision to begin this lecture series on modern social theory with the question what is theory. The origin of the state evolves from the enlargement of family under the authority of the parents or the elders. Here is a compilation of essays on origin of state for class 11 and 12. Theories of state legal definition of theories of state. In summary, then, the circumscription theory in its elaborated form goes far toward accounting for the origin of the state.
Information theory, evolution, and the origin of life. According to it, the state is established by gods, who rules the state directly or indirectly through someone regarded as an agent. These theories represent all possible shadings between all imaginable extremes. State formation has been a study of many disciplines of the social sciences for a number of years, so much so that jonathan haas writes that one of the favorite pastimes of social scientists over the course of the past century has been to. Apr 27, 2015 backbackback 4 aspect relates to the origins of the state. The history to which the former pays regard is the history of the world or universal. The pluralist theory of the state universitas brawijaya. Social institutions man and tools rise of social organisation the gens the basis of. What situation does each of the theories begin with. The state, being a kind of a biological organism, has a brain rulers and the means to implement its decisions subjects.
Theories on the origin of state essay theories political science. This triangulated conceptualization of culture can, i argue, clarify. Theories of origin of state open political science journal. This evolutionary theory is also known as sociological or the correct theory of the origin of the state. Such notions make the state appear to be somrrhing metaphysical or adventitious, and thus place it beyond scientific understanding. Although determines is the strong form of the claim, marx also uses conditions. This theory is formed on the principle that the state was an evolution of the family, becoming more and. The state is ethical because it teaches the individual ethics of moral perfection. State formation is the process of the development of a centralized government structure in a situation where one did not exist prior to its development. Amgov 4 theories of the origin of the state flashcards. Traditional theories of state origins are considered and rejected in favor of a new ecological hypothesis. Karl marx was a grate philosopher, architect of socialism and communism.
Theories of origin of state january 3, 2015 open political science journal leave a comment. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The state did not exist in the primitive communal system. Amgov 4 theories of the origin of the state quizlet. Based on the pace of your course, you may need to adapt the lesson plan to fit your needs. It arose as a result of the social division of labor, the appearance of private property, and the division of society into classes. For the first 2 million years of his existence, man lived in bands or villages which, as far as we can tell, were completely autonomous.
Later on, it will develop into a tribe, kingdom then state. He has rejected all the theories of origin of state and has given his own views of origin of state. Perspectives on the nigerian variant shaapera, simon aondohemba department of political science, faculty of social and management sciences, umaru musa yar. The theory that the state began with a family that. Social institutions man and tools rise of social organisation the gens the basis of the gens justice the growth of the family. According to this theory, the state originated due to force exerted by the strong over the weak.
Johan kaspar bluntschli march 7, 1808october 21, 1881 the theory of the state first published in german in 1875 as lehre vom modernen stat. There is one theory, though, which i believe does provide a convincing explanation of how states began. Force theory according to this theory, the state originated due to force exerted by the strong over the weak. From this theory, he inferred that man is both rational and irrational and it is his purpose to follow the former in preference to the latter. The state does not stand for the good of all, rather it protects and promotes the interest of the few at the cost of many. Economic rights, legal rights, and the scope of the state political economy of institutions and decisions. It is a fundamental tenet of marxist theories of the state that the state in capitalist society is deeply shaped and constrained by the class relations of capitalism, but this leaves quite open the. Essay on the divine origin theory essay on patriarchal theory as the origin. Apr 26, 2016 the origin of the state evolves from the enlargement of family under the authority of the parents or the elders. Born in new york city in 1927, the author earned his. Sssoooccciiiooolllooogggyyy 999222444 theories of the state.
Jwhere the appropriate conditions existed, the state emerged. The theory of developmental state isnt capitalist or socialist. The genetical information system, because it is linear and digital, resembles the algorithmic language of computers. Evolutionary, force, divine right, social contract. Backbackback 4 aspect relates to the origins of the state. Faculty of engineering and the built environment university of johannesburg auckland park, johannesburg, 2006 south africa email.
The theory that the state began with a family that grew and. Firstly, the origin of state depends on the triangular nature of the human soul. State a product of social evolution, which is the only kind of biological evolution. Carneiro for the first 2 million years of his existence, man lived in bands or villages which, as far as we can tell, were completely autonomous. As a result, there were various theories concerning the primary or pre historical origin of the state propounded by the political scientists and historical researchers. This book provides an overview of certain key problems and theories of the state, presenting them in a structured and systematic manner, and in doing so it aims to make the ideas and value of the state more comprehensible to the student of politics. Yet the most fundamental origin of them all would seem to be the origin of the universe as a whole of everything that exists. Articulating theories of states and state formation article pdf available in journal of historical sociology 224. Aristotles theory of origin of state, its nature and the end rests on several premises. Ioannisdionysios salavrakos university of western greece greece 1. What are the four most widely held theories that attempt to. Economic rights, legal rights, and the scope of the state political economy of institutions and decisions barzel, yoram on. In the ancient despotisms, where kings traced their lineage to the gods, in the hebrew theocracy where jehovah was the recognized head of the commonwealth, and more than all, in the medieval period where.
It is particularly relevant today because it offers a critique of centralized sovereign state power. Force theory 4 theories of the origin of a state this theory suggests one person or a small group took control of a person took conrol of a population by force social contract theory examples of social contract theory this theory clearly suggests that people aggreed to give up. First of all, economic development requires a state which can create and regulate appropriate conditions for development. The idea contained in the statement is that war begat the king. The representatives of the materialist theory of the origin of the state is usually referred marx, engels, and vi lenin. On the origin of the state and how it functions properly, plato in the republic says. In the first essay, elman service proposes that theories of the origin of the state fall into two categories. Information theory, evolution, and the origin of life information theoi\ evolution, and the origin of life presents a timely introduction to the use of information theory and coding theory in molecular biology.
A theory of the origin of the state traditional theories of state origins are considered and rejected in favor of a new ecological hypothesis. The creation of the state through the constant war and invasion of the great warriors in the ancient time dominated the weak that later on formed a state. The basic theory of the origin of the state theological, patriarchal, negotiated, violence, organic, materialistic, psychological, patrimonial and irrigation put at the heart of any one particular dominant mode of occurrence of statehood. In my opinion, the origin of the state was neither mysterious nor fortuitous. What are the four theories of the origin of the state. It is also known as the theory of divine right of kings. Introduction the intellectual aspiration of the paper is to cover both theoretical aspects associated with political economy, the role of the state and economic policy, especially in the era of crisis. Essay on the origin of state 1098 words your article library. What are the four most widely held theories that attempt to explain. The modern sciences of sociology, ethnology and anthropology are unable to give us an insight into the primary origin of the state.
It is difficult to say when the first state came into being. Theory of divine origin of the state encyclopedia article. Steiner t he origin of things has always been a central concern for humanity. Characteristics of a developmental state in order to understand the concept of a developmental state, it is important to highlight some of the characteristics of a developmental state thompson, 1996. Archaeology of the origin of the state the theories vicente lull and rafael mico.
The exponents of this theory believe that the state did not come into being by any effort of man. According to him state is an evil what ever is the form of government, because its origin can be traced through the class struggle in society. Pdf two theories of origin state in ancient india 06012019. Theories of state article about theories of state by the. Serious theories of state origins are of two general types. Theories of the state 3 term paperproject all participants taking the seminar for credit are expected to write a term paper on the state and politics. The theory of the state johann kaspar bluntschli batoche books. In this seminar we aim to explore the ways that developments in the comparative social sciences across the last twenty years can help us understand ancient state formation, and how ancient state formation can shed new light on some of the biggest questions in contemporary social theory. The theory of the divine origin of the state has arisen where religion and government or the church and the state have been closely blended. Explaining the origin of the state has been discussed and debated by scholars for centuries. Even after the state has been bought up, it still needs money and, therefore, continues to be dependent on the bourgeoisie.
The theory which explains and is now accepted as a convincing origin of the state, is the historical or evolutionary theory. The marxist theory of the state and the tasks of the proletariat in the revoluti on. The state maintain its exploitative class character right from its origin through various. The state is an agency of class coercion in the hands of the dominant economic class. My strong preference is for papers to revolve around some historical or contemporary substantive problem a particular state policy, a particular example of state transformations, a.
So long as social sciences had not made any development and it was very difficult to determine the correct theory the origin of the state. What are the four most widely held theories that attempt. An introductory discussion on the nature of the state is followed by chapters devoted to. Pdf this article explores two major contrasting theories of the origin of governmentstate in ancient india. Theories of the origin of the state flashcards quizlet. Our concern is with the origins of the state, conceived of as a social entity marked by greater size and internal complexity than in foraging bands or chiefdoms, in particular with the first pristine states which formed without the distorting influence of others. This represents the high point of conformance of the state theory to an economic interpretation of history in which the forces of production determine peoples production relations and their production relations determine all other relations, including the political. The same view is expressed by hume, oppenheim, jenksbernhardy and trietschke are the exponents of force theory. Rousseau derives the state from a social contract, while carey ascribes its origin to a band of robbers.